历史人类学视角下的清代蒙藏关系再思考——兼论所谓“西藏佛教世界”共同体的成立性问题

Rethinking the Relationship between Mongolia and Tibet in the Qing Dynasty in a Perspective of Historical Anthropology: With a Discussion of the Establishment of the So-called “Buddhist World in Tibet”

近年来,国外某些藏学研究者以藏族与蒙古族具有共同宗教信仰为由,提出所谓“西藏佛教世界”共同体的理论假说。然而,通过引入历史人类学的观察视角以分析发掘民间口碑材料中承载的历史信息,再将之与传世文献提供的历史背景结合互证,所得出的结论足以揭示上述理论模式实际上无法解释蒙藏民族在清代经历的复杂历史进程,因而步入历史解释的误区。

In recent years,some foreign Tibetologists put forward the hypothesis of a community of“Buddhist world in Tibet”for the common faith professed by Tibetans and the Mongol ethnic group.However,if we analyze the historical information in folk materials in a perspective of historical anthropology,and testify with the historical context provided by handed-down documents,it can be seen that such hypothesis could not interpret the complicated historical course that Tibetans and the Mongol ethnic group experienced in the Qing dynasty.