宫室之喻与中国文学批评

The Palace Metaphor and Chinese Literary Criticism

宫室之喻是中国文学批评的一个固有的特点。它肇端于宫室所具有的礼制意义,被用以彰显身份和等级,成为礼仪制度的物质呈现。中国早期的宫室制度延伸到文学领域,形成了以宫室结构和建筑技艺隐喻文学经验的表述方式。此一表述方式是一种物质、观念和符号三者紧密联结的认知方式,这使得物质性的宫室具有了意识性的话语功能。宫室之喻沟通了文学与建筑,形成了一种公共表征。从这个意义上说,作为中国建筑典范的宫室融汇到了人们的精神生活之中,它所凝聚的所指意义已超出了建筑范围,显示出极强的文化渗透力和历史延续性。

The palace metaphor is the intrinsic characteristics of Chinese literary criticism.It began with the ritual significance of palace,which is used to manifest one’s status and class,and became the material presentation of the etiquette system.The palace institution in early China extended to the field of literature,and formed the expression approach of using the palace structure and architecture technology as the metaphor of literary experience.This kind of approach is a cognitive style connecting material,idea,and symbol,which makes palace as material own the discourse function on consciousness.The palace metaphor communicates literature and architecture,and forms a kind of public representation.In this sense,palace as the model of Chinese architecture is integrated into people’s spiritual life.Its referential meaning goes far beyond the field of architecture,and shows strong cultural force and historical continuity.