《六韬》成书及其版本汇考

A Collective Research of the Compilation and Editions of The Six Arts of War

《六韬》内容的完成,当在战国时期,与齐国稷下学宫有关,但汉初并无完整的《六韬》,而仅有《太公》诸书中以《豹韬》等为题名的数篇或数组文章以及《太公阴谋》《金匮》等,彼此相对独立,经过彼此交叉和分化重组的演变,直至东汉才渐渐整合。经统计《中国兵书总目》《中国古籍总目》著录信息及全国古籍普查登记基本数据库、日本所藏中文古籍数据库所录条目,并综合出土简牍、敦煌写卷、西夏译本以及《群书治要》节录和清人辑佚的文本,可知今存《六韬》版本接近200种。今将其划分为白文本、注解本、节录本及出土文献四类,根据笔者调查目验并校勘文字的情况,择其具有代表性者逐一详考,并著录其网上全文阅览路径及影印信息,以供学者参用。

The content of The Six Arts of War should be completed in the Warring States period,which is related to the Jixia Academy of the State of Qi.Yet in the early Han dynasty,there did not exist a full text of The Six Arts of War,but only independent texts including several or several groups of articles named“Baotao”in Taigong and others,The Conspiracy of Taigong,and The Golden Cabinet.Those texts gradually became integrated till the Eastern Han dynasty through intersection,differentiation,and recombination.By counting up the bibliographical information in The General Catalogue of Chinese Books on the Art of War and A Comprehensive Bibliography of Chinese Ancient Books,the articles in basic database for census registration of Chinese ancient books and Japan’s database for ancient Chinese books,as well as texts of excavated bamboo slips,Dunhuang manuscripts,Tangut scripts,the excerpts in The Governing Principles of Ancient China,and the ones compiled by Qing scholars,it can be known that there are nearly 200 kinds of extant editions,and the author divides them into four kinds of text,annotation,excerpts,and excavated documents.