对当前学界关于马克思博士论文研究的述评与反思

A Review of and Reflection on the Current Academic Research on Marx’s Doctoral Dissertation

当前学界对马克思博士论文的研究主要在哲学建构、思想溯源、认识论定位三种范式下思考,集中回答了马克思博士论文"写了什么""为什么写""以何视角写"三个问题,存在着对马克思"自我意识"哲学定位、黑格尔学派对马克思思想影响、马克思在博士论文阶段的认识论是唯心主义还是唯物主义等多个问题的争议。然而现有研究只在静止的思想二维坐标轴上探讨思想家的思想、思想史的思想,可以思考让静止的思想运动起来,探究马克思博士论文的核心创造——"定在中的自由"——对当代问题的回应与启发。

The current academic research on Marx’s doctoral dissertation is mainly considered under the three paradigms of philosophical construction, ideological traceability and cognition theory.Most researchers focused on answering the three questions of “what to write”,“why to write” and “how to write” in Marx’s doctoral dissertation.There were still some conflicts in recent studies, namely How could we understand the philosophical positioning of Marx’s “self-consciousness”,How could we understand the influence of Hegelian school on Marx’s thought and was Marx’s cognition theory idealism or materialism.However, the existing research only discussed Marx’s thought and the thought of ideological history on the two-dimensional coordinate axis of static thought. We should try to make the static thought active and attempt to explore how the core creation of the text——“freedom in the existence”——responded contemporary problems.