中国法治发展的哲学观察——实践立场与视角转换

Philosophical Review of Rule of Law in China: Practical Stance and Perspective Transfer

以规则和权力为中心的推动型法治模式缺失了对实践概念及实践智慧的合理性把握,无法洞悉实践的普遍性和具体性之间的辩证关系,因此陷入了理性构造主义的无限性之恶。在深刻把握实践概念及实践智慧的基础上,中国法治谋划理应迈向实践主义的法治立场。实践是自身向善的活动,法治实践同样内在地包含着善的目的性欲求,而这种善的实现不仅依赖规则的普遍原理,更重要的是需要实践智慧的登场。实践智慧以审思明辨的方式驾驭法之善的运行机理,而实践智慧本身也同样意味着对行动、事件和精神的珍视。法治实践是一个错综复杂的动态系统,主观性与客观性、必然性与偶然性、传统与现代性等诸多元素交织在一起,共同推动着法治的发展进程。

Lacking a reasonable understanding of practice concept and practical wisdom, the impelling type of rule of law centered on rules and power cannot discern the dialectical relationship between universality and particularity, so it falls into the infinity of rational constructivism. After fully understanding the concept of practice and the practical wisdom, China?s rule of law should take a practical stance.Practices are always oriented towards the kindness, and the practice of rule of law also contains the purpose of kindness, the realization of which not only depends on the universal principle of rules, but also requires the particular practical wisdom. Practical wisdom controls the operation mechanism of the kindness of law by deliberating and discriminating, and it also cherishes the value of action, event and spirit. Practices are a complex dynamic system in which subjectivity and objectivity, inevitability and contingency, tradition and modernity are interwoven together to promote the development of the rule of law.