适用于无人机集群应急通信系统分簇路由协议

Research on Cluster Routing Protocol of Emergency Communication SystemBased on UAV Cluster

无人机集群应急通信系统面临的最大挑战为集群网络拓扑的快速变化,因此,高效的自组网路由协议是保证无人机集群应急通信系统具有稳定链接性能的基础,同时也是该领域的研究热点。分析了现有无人机自组网路由协议不能完全适用于无人机集群应急通信系统的机理,采用MAC层和网络层联合设计思想,提出了一种基于簇结构和强化学习的分簇路由协议,簇内设计了基于簇结构的先应式路由协议,簇间则采用基于位置和链路质量Q学习的自适应路由协议,从而减小了路由维护开销、缩短了端到端时延,提高了转发成功率。仿真结果表明,在实现高效分簇的基础上,所研究的分簇路由协议可满足无人机集群应急通信系统的高动态、低时延和高可靠的要求,具有一定的实际应用前景。

The rapid change of cluster network topology is the biggest challenge of UAV cluster emergency communication system.Being a research hotspot in the field,an efficient ad hoc network routing protocol should be researched to ensure a stable link performance of UAV cluster emergency communication system.The mechanism that the existing UAV ad hoc network routing protocol cannot be fully suitable to UAV cluster emergency communication system is analyzed firstly.Then the joint design idea with MAC layer and network layer is adopted to propose a clustering routing protocol based on cluster structure and reinforcement learning.A proactive routing protocol based on the cluster structure is designed in the cluster,and an adaptive routing protocol based on location and link quality Q learning is used between clusters,thereby reducing routing maintenance overhead,shortening end-toend delay and improving Forwarding success rate.The simulation results show that on the basis of realizing efficient clustering,the clustering routing protocol studied in this article can meet the requirements of high dynamics,low delay and high reliability for UAV cluster emergency communication systems,and it has certain practical application prospects.