煤制油尾气脱碳装置运行问题分析及对策

Operating problems analysis and countermeasures of coal-to-oil tail gas decarbonization unit

针对宁夏煤业有限责任公司400万t/a煤制油尾气脱碳装置,分析了脱碳塔压差高、系统接气受阻、系统中Fe^(3+)质量浓度超标、V_(2)O_(5)消耗高等问题,并提出工艺优化对策。结果表明:更换或清洗堵塞严重的规整填料,可防止塔压差升高;增加溶液过滤量可除去系统中的机械杂质、烃类物质、Fe^(3+)等,可防止塔压差升高,但会增加V_(2)O_(5)消耗量;降低水洗塔液位、稳定洗剂水量、提高合成尾气和贫液温度,可防止系统接气受阻;保证系统中V^(5+)质量浓度在5.5 g/L以上,可缓解设备腐蚀,同时保证反应的高效性。

Based on the decarbonization unit of 4 Mt/a coal-to-oil tail gas in Ningxia Coal Industry Co Ltd,the problems such as high pressure difference of decarbonizing tower,obstruction of system gas,excessive concentration of Fe^(3+) in the system and high consumption of V_(2)O_(5) were analyzed and the countermeasures of process optimization were put forward.The results showed that by replacing or cleaning the regular packing with serious blockage could prevent the abnormal increase of pressure difference of the column;the mechanical impurities,hydrocarbon substances and Fe3+in the system could be removed by increasing the amount of solution filtration,which could prevent the increase of column pressure difference,but it would increase the consumption of V_(2)O_(5).It could from prevent obstructing when accepting gas from the system by reducing the liquid level of the washing tower,stabilizing the water quantity of the washing agent and raising the temperature of the synthetic tail gas and temperature of the lean liquid.It could alleviate the corrosion of equipment and the high efficiency of reaction when the mass concentration of V^(5+) in the system was above 5.5 g/L.