老旧社区老幼人群户外活动时空特征研究

Strategies of Old Community Renew Based on Research into Space Use and Time Schedule of Elderly and Children’s Outdoor Activities

高密度城市中的老旧社区普遍存在人口老龄化程度高、户外空间缺乏的问题,这导致社区中儿童与老年人的户外活动空间大面积重叠,甚至存在争夺现象。如何营造共享型社区环境,以有限空间满足老幼人群的户外活动需求,成为社区微更新中亟待解决的问题。本文通过问卷调研进行数据收集后,通过定性地理分析方法综合分析出老幼人群社区户外活动空间偏好和时间分布情况及其成因。在空间使用层面,研究归纳出老幼人群的共享使用现状模型,指出老幼群体对社区公共空间使用的相似性和差异性。在时间分布层面,研究归纳出老幼人群对于社区户外公共空间使用时间的动态分布情况,发现老幼人群自发错峰使用户外空间的情况。基于研究结果,研究从老幼共享型户外环境营造方向提出了老旧社区户外空间品质的提升建议。

Old communities in high-density cities with high ageing-population rates always lack outdoor spaces for both children and the elderly.Creating a shared community environment for the elderly and children has become an urgent problem in old community micro-renewal programs.Based on the Shanghai Philosophy and Social Science Foundation,this research explores the space children and elderly use for outdoor activities and the time spent outdoors,through questionnaire surveys and qualitative GIS analysis.Research result shows the differences between elderly and children about their preferences in using public open spaces.Results also show the dynamic distributions of time spent outdoors by the elderly and children.Generally,except from 5 pm to 7 pm children playing outdoors more frequently than the elderly,other time elderly is the dominant user of outdoor environments in communities.Based on this result,the potentials for the shared use of different types of spaces in the community environment are explored and suggestions for the micro-renewal of old community environment are proposed from the perspectives of renew community gardens,redesign community roads,and organize community activities.