基于CFD技术的汽车进气格栅造型设计

Modeling design of car grille shutter based on CFD technology

为将Rhino和Grasshopper软件搭建的汽车进气格栅造型与气动性能相匹配,借助计算流体力学数值模拟技术,提出验证方法。经有限元建模,分别以低速、中速和高速行驶条件下对空气流过格栅的流速情况、压力分布和换热情况进行试验。从流动换热方面得出该造型在高速行驶的汽车发动机舱内具有较好的散热效果,同时,格栅的总形变量和等效应力均满足材料许用强度。结果表明:该参数化进气格栅的造型设计方案符合汽车性能的开发需求,仿真试验在验证参数化设计有效性与合理性的同时,为汽车进气格栅的造型设计提供了验证方法和试验依据。

In order to match the modeling design of car grille shutter established by Rhino and Grasshopper with its aerodynamic performance,a product validation method was proposed based on computation fluid dynamic(CFD)numerical simulation technology.The flow rate,pressure distribution and heat transfer of air flowing through the grille shutter were tested at low speed,medium speed and high speed.This modeling design had good heat dissipation effect of engine compartment at high-speed from the aspect of flow heat transfer.Meanwhile,the total deformation and equivalent stress of the grille shutter satisfied allowable strength of the material.The results showed that this parameterized grille modeling design met the requirements of vehicle performance development.The simulation experiment not only verified the validity and rationality of the parametric design,but also provided a verification method and experimental basis for the modeling design of the car grille.