兰州农村居住建筑节能调查分析及适宜性建造模式改进研究

Energy-saving Investigation and Analysis of Rural Residential Buildings in Lanzhou and the Improvement of Suitable Construction Mode

通过与居民交流、入户访谈等实地调研的方式,采用调查问卷的方法分析了甘肃省兰州市榆中县内农村地区居住建筑的现状与概况、居民对居住建筑节能改造的认识和建议,讨论农村地区是否需要建筑节能改造和改造的可行性。结果显示,当地农村地区的住宅建筑大多数为年代久远的木结构或砖结构单层房屋,甚至存在土结构房屋,门窗大多数为单层木制或彩钢结构,屋顶多为砖瓦铺设,无保温隔热措施,而兰州市榆中县属于寒冷地区,冬季温度低,居民住宅内几乎全部采用火炉取暖,不仅污染严重、能源利用效率低,且温度传递性极低,室内平均温度低于15℃,低于人体热舒适范围。据调查显示,外墙保温隔热改造和防潮措施不足或缺乏是当地居民住宅建筑存在问题最严重的两个方面,针对这两个主要方面进行了适宜性节能技术改进措施的分析研究。

By means of on-the-spot investigation,such as communication with residents,in-house interview,and using the method of questionnaire,this paper analyzes the present situation and general situation of the residential buildings in the rural area of Yuzhong County,Lanzhou City,Gansu Province,and the residents’knowledge and suggestions on the energy-saving retrofitting of the residential buildings.The results show that most of the residential buildings in the rural areas are old single-story houses with wooden or brick structures,even with earth structures.Most of the doors and windows are single-story wooden or steel structures,and most of the roofs are made of bricks and tiles,there is no heat preservation and insulation measures,and Yuzhong County province is a cold area with low temperature in winter.Almost all residential buildings are heated by stoves,which not only cause serious pollution and low energy efficiency,but also have extremely low temperature transmission,the average indoor temperature is below 15℃,which is lower than the thermal comfort range of human body.According to the survey,the inadequate or lack of thermal insulation and moisture-proof measures for the external walls of residential buildings are the two most serious problems for local residents’residential buildings.Aiming at these two main aspects,the improvement measures of suitable energy-saving technology are analyzed and researched.