体外膜肺氧合在普胸外科手术中的应用及进展

Application and progress of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in general thoracic surgery

体外膜肺氧合(extracorporeal membrane oxygenation,ECMO)作为一种体外生命支持技术,根据模式不同,可提供呼吸支持及血流动力学支持。ECMO在急性呼吸窘迫综合征治疗中展现的显著优势及其氧合器、驱动泵及肝素涂层管路等技术的发展,促进了其在胸外科围手术期中的应用探索。目前,ECMO除了可用于肺移植的整个围手术期外,还可用于术中不能维持单肺通气,麻醉风险大,涉及气管、隆突、纵隔、食管等需要接受复杂胸外科手术的患者。本文将对ECMO在普胸外科手术中的应用及进展进行综述。

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO), as an extracorporeal life support technology, can provide respiratory support and hemodynamic support according to different modes. The significant advantages of ECMO in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome and the development of its oxygenator, pump, and heparin-coated circuits have promoted its application and exploration in thoracic surgery. ECMO can be used during the perioperative period of lung transplantation and can be applied for patients who cannot maintain one-lung ventilation, or have a high risk of anesthesia, or undergo complex thoracic surgery involving trachea, carina, mediastinum and esophagus. This article will review the application and progress of ECMO in general thoracic surgery.