被动中的主动:传统习俗与节日中的形式化

The“Active”in the“Passive”:Formalization in Traditional Customs and Festivals

传统习俗与节日的特别之处在于,它使人形成被动的生活状态,但人们却乐在其中,这种状态可称为“被动中的主动”。尼采、海德格尔与伽达默尔对“被动中的主动”的探讨,形成了西方思想史上这一问题的理论脉络。传统习俗与节日中充满主动与被动的“冲突”,这种“冲突”使“作品”被人看见,从而具有了“形式”意味。在形式的意义上,“作为节日的艺术”与“作为艺术的节日”是同构的,“艺术”因其“形式”为人所目睹,形式应是传统习俗与节日作为艺术同构的最终见证。

The special thing about traditional customs and festivals is that they create a passive state of life for people,but people enjoy them,and we call this state“active in passivity”.Nietzsche,Heidegger and Georg Gadamer have discussed“active in passivity”,thus forming a lineage in the history of Western thought.Traditional customs and festivals are full of“conflicts”,and this“conflict”itself makes the“work”visible and thus has a“formal”meaning.In the formal sense,“art as a festival”and“festival as art”are isomorphic,“art”is seen by people because of its“form”,and the form should be the ultimate witness of the isomorphism of traditional customs and festivals as art.