纳滤去除水环境中硝酸盐的机理及影响因素

Mechanism and influence factors of nanofiltration to remove nitrate from water environment

综述了纳滤技术去除水环境中硝酸盐的研究现状。详细介绍了纳滤膜去除硝酸盐的机理(包含道南效应、介电效应和空间位阻效应)并介绍了其截留机理的形成原理。重点介绍了纳滤膜在截留硝酸盐过程中的影响因素(纳滤膜本身性质、压力、温度、盐浓度、pH和磁场等)并详细分析了纳滤膜截留硝酸盐过程中的各个影响因素形成的原因。最后,对纳滤膜的截留机理和影响因素进行了总结。

The research status of nanofiltration technology to remove nitrate in water environment is reviewed.The mechanism of nitrate removal by nanofiltration membrane(including Donan effect, dielectric effect and steric hindrance effect) is introduced in detail, and the formation principle of its rejection mechanism is introduced.It focuses on the influencing factors of nanofiltration membrane in the process of nitrate rejection(nanofiltration membrane itself, pressure, temperature, salt concentration, pH and magnetic field, etc.) and analyzes in detail each influencing factor in the process of nitrate rejection by nanofiltration membrane.Finally, the retention mechanism and influencing factors of nanofiltration membranes are summarized.