乌天麻不同溶剂提取物的总多酚、总黄酮含量及其抗氧化能力

The differentiation of total polyphenols and total flavonoids contents in Gastrodia elata Bl. f. glauca S. Chow extracts using different solvents and their antioxidant capacities

为了评估食用天麻在加工和应用中主要活性成分和抗氧化活性的差异,采用5种溶剂提取云阳乌天麻,测定其总多酚和总黄酮含量,并评价其体外抗氧化活性。结果表明,70%(体积分数)甲醇提取物的总多酚和总黄酮含量最高,分别为4.006 mg GAE/g和1.290 mg RE/g, HPLC分析鉴定了8种主要的酚类及其苷类成分,其中70%乙醇(体积分数)提取物的天麻素含量最高(5.860 mg/g),70%甲醇(体积分数)提取物的对羟基苯甲醛(0.014 mg/g)、巴利森苷B(1.745 mg/g)和巴利森苷C(2.255 mg/g)、巴利森苷E(4.181 mg/g)含量均最高。乌天麻水提取物清除DPPH自由基能力最强,而甲醇提取物清除ABTS阳离子自由基的效果最好,且其抗氧化能力与活性成分含量之间具有较高的相关性。乌天麻甲醇提取物活性成分含量最高、抗氧化活性最佳,可作为潜在天然抗氧化剂来源。

Gastrodia elata has been included in the pilot project of herb-food homology, and is commonly used in stews, dishes and hot pot in the southwest of China. In order to evaluate the differences of main active components and antioxidant activities in the processing and application of edible Gastrodia elata Bl, the contents of total polyphenols and total flavonoids of Yunyang G.elata Bl.f.glauca S. Chow extracts with five different solvents were determined, and the composition of polyphenols was analyzed by HPLC. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activities were also evaluated by DPPH and ABTS cationic free radical scavenging capacities. The results showed that the extract with 70%(volume fraction) methanol showed the highest content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids, which were 4.006 mg GAE/g and 1.290 mg RE/g, respectively. Eight polyphenols and their glycosides were identified by HPLC, and gastrodin was the highest in 70%(volume fraction) ethanol extract. Furthermore, the contents of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde(0.014 mg/g), Parishin B(1.745 mg/g), Parishin C(2.255 mg/g) and Parishin E(4.181 mg/g) in 70%(volume fraction) methanol extract were the highest. The water extract had the strongest scavenging ability on DPPH free radical, while the methanol extract had the best scavenging effect on ABTS cationic radical, and there was a high correlation between their antioxidant capacity and the contents of active components. The methanol extract of G. elata Bl. f. glauca S. Chow contains the highest amount of active components and possesses the highest antioxidant activity, which can be used as a potential source of natural antioxidants.