m^(6)A RNA甲基化对神经系统发育及其相关疾病的调控作用

Regulation of m^(6)A RNA methylation on nervous system development and related diseases

N^(6)-甲基腺苷(m^(6)A)甲基化是RNA水平转录后的表观遗传学修饰,由RNA甲基转移酶催化腺嘌呤在N^(6)位置发生甲基化的过程,调控RNA稳定性、定位、运输、剪切和翻译,将影响mRNA的命运与转归,进而影响机体结构和功能的改变.新近研究表明m^(6)A甲基化修饰在神经发育、传导、再生及学习记忆功能等方面发挥重要的作用,并与神经退行性疾病密切相关.环境中的外源因素引起m^(6)A甲基化改变,可引起神经损伤,并影响其修复过程,进而调控神经系统发育及其相关疾病的发生发展.外源因素与RNA甲基化的关联,将有助于探索神经系统疾病的病因和机制,为其精准预防和干预治疗提供新的参考靶点。

The N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)methylation,as a post-transcriptional RNA epigenetic modification,is catalyzed at N^(6)site of adenine by RNA methyltransferases.It regulates the stability,localization,transportation,splicing and translation of mRNA,and then eventually affects the fate of mRNA molecules involving in the changes of biological structure and function of the organism.Recent studies have shown that m^(6)A methylation played an important role in neural development,conduction,regeneration,learning and memory functions,closely related to neurodegenerative diseases.In addition,the exogenous environmental factors might change m^(6)A methylation level,leading to nerve injury and affecting the nerve repair,and further regulating the development of the nervous system and the occurrence and progression of the related diseases.To explore the association between exogenous factors and RNA methylation will help to reveal the pathogenesis mechanism of neurological diseases,providing the novel reference targets for their precise intervention and prevention.