不同肥料配比对荒漠区‘黑比诺’葡萄果实品质的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizer Ratios on Fruit Quality of‘Pinot Noir’Grape in Desert Areas

以四年生‘黑比诺’葡萄为试材,在葡萄不同生育期施入不同配比的肥料,以常规施肥量为对照(CK),研究了肥料配比对葡萄成熟时果实可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、可滴定酸、可溶性蛋白质、花青素、单宁和总酚含量及果形指数、果汁pH等指标的影响,并对各处理下果实品质进行主成分分析,确定河西走廊地区‘黑比诺’葡萄的合理施肥方案,以期为该地区酿酒葡萄产业的发展提供参考依据。结果表明:T1提高了果汁pH,比CK高3.51%;T3提高了可溶性糖含量,比CK高15.12%,T4增加了果实糖酸比和花青素含量,分别比CK高27.40%和61.94%;T7提高了果实中可滴定酸含量,比CK高22.03%。主成分分析发现各处理间综合品质由高到低依次为T4>T5>T3>T6>T1>T2>T7>CK。综上可知,T4处理提高了果实可溶性固形物含量,增加了花青素含量和糖酸比,能够提高‘黑比诺’葡萄果实的品质。

Four-year-old‘Pinot Noir’grapes were used as test materials,and fertilizers of different proportions were applied at different growth periods of the grapes.Using conventional fertilizer rate as a control(CK),the effects of fertilizer ratio on fruit shape index,soluble solids,soluble sugar,titratable acid,soluble protein,juice pH,anthocyanins,tannins and total phenols during grape ripening were studied.The principal component analysis of the fruit quality under each treatment was carried out to determine a reasonable fertilization scheme for the‘Pinot Noir’grapes in the Hexi Corridor area,in order to provide a reference of the development of the wine grape industry in this region.The results showed that T1 increased juice pH by 3.51%compared with CK.T3 increased soluble sugar content by 15.12%,T4 increased sugar-acid ratio and anthocyanin content by 27.40%and 61.94%,respectively.T7 increased the content of titratable acid in fruit.It was 22.03%higher than that of CK.Principal component analysis showed that the order of comprehensive quality was T4>T5>T3>T6>T1>T2>T7>CK.Therefore,T4 treatment increased the soluble solids content,anthocyanin content and sugar acid ratio,which could improve the fruit quality of‘Pinot Noir’grapes.