豫北某村留守老人居家养老生活体验研究

Studying on the Home-Based Care Experience of the Left-Behind Elders in A Village in Northern Henan

目的深入了解豫北农村留守老人真实的家庭养老生活体验,为制定有针对性的农村留守老人生活质量提升方案提供参考。方法选取河南豫北某村的10名农村留守老人进行半结构式访谈,采用Colaizzi七步法分析资料,提炼主题。结果提炼出农村留守老人家庭养老生活体验三个主题:主题1:整体生活状态有明显改善。主题2:部分养老需求尚未满足,包括四个亚主题,即医疗保障、康养知识学习、居住环境改善、儿女更多陪伴。主题3:对未来居家养老生活的期待,包括两个亚主题,即适老适农化的学习机会、多样化的娱乐休闲活动,共有6个亚主题。结论农村留守老人生活的精神生活亟需丰富,医疗保障、住房环境亟待进一步改善,从而提升农村留守老人的生活质量。

Objective To obtain an in-depth understanding of the real home-based care experience of left-behind elderly in rural areas in northern Henan,and provide reference for formulating targeted life quality improvement programs for rural left-behind elderly.Methods A semi-structured interview was conducted on 10 rural left-behind elders in a village in northern Henan,which was analyzed with Colaizzi seven-step method and refined the theme.Results Three themes were extracted from the experience of the rural left-behind elders'home-based care,which were overall significantly improved living conditions,some unsatisfied pension needs of the elderly,including four sub-themes of health care,health knowledge learning,improved living conditions and increased presence of children,and the expectations for the future home-based retirement life,including two sub-themes of learning opportunities for aging and agriculture and diversified recreational activities.Conclusion The spiritual life of the rural left-behind elders is in urgent need of enrichment,whose medical security and housing environment urgently need to be further improved,which can improve the quality of life of the rural left-behind elders.