突发公共卫生事件下山东省大学生健康知识现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Status of College Students' Health Knowledge in Shandong Province and Its Influencing Factors under Public Health Emergencies

目的:了解突发公共卫生事件下山东省大学生的健康知识水平并分析其影响因素,为提高大学生健康素养水平和应对能力,促进高校开展突发公共卫生事件防控及教育工作提供参考。方法:于2020年4-5月,采用分层随机抽样方法,对山东省6所高校7719名大学生进行健康知识问卷调查。结果:山东省大学生总体健康知识得分为(77.04±13.78)分,知晓率为45.3%。其中基本防护知识的得分最高为(84.52±13.54)分,其次是健康基本知识理念、健康生活方式,得分分别为(79.58±15.74)分和(79.3±14.16)分,传染病防治、安全与急救得分最低,分别为(73.24±16.98)分和(73.26±17.46)分。多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示:性别为男生、山东省内生源、独生子女、学校开设健康教育课程、学校重视健康教育的大学生健康知识知晓率较高;理工类、文史类和艺体类、父母文化程度在初中及以下的大学生健康知识知晓率较低。结论:突发公共卫生事件下山东省大学生健康知识水平还有待进一步提高,高校应对大学生的健康教育给予充分重视,不断提高其健康知识水平。

Objective To understand the health knowledge level of college students in Shandong Province and its influencing factors under public health emergencies, provide reference for improving their health literacy level and ability to coping with emergencies, and promote the prevention and control of public health emergencies and education in colleges and universities. Methods From April to may in 2020, 7719 college students were chosen from 6 universities in Shandong Province by stratified random sampling method, and surveyed with questionnaire. Results The total score of health knowledge of college students in Shandong Province was(77.04±13.78), and the awareness rate was 45.3%. Among which, the score of basic protection knowledge was the highest, which was 84.52±13.54, followed by basic health knowledge concept(79.58±15.74) and healthy lifestyle(79.3±14.16), and the lowest scores were in prevention and treatment of infectious diseases(73.24±16.98) and safety and first aid(73.26±17.46). Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the awareness rate of health knowledge was higher in college students of male, coming from Shandong Province, only child, accepting health education courses in colleges and being valued in health education in colleges. The students majored in science and engineering, literature and history, art and sports, and whose parents’ education level in junior high school or below had lower awareness rate of health knowledge. Conclusion The health knowledge level of college students in Shandong Province needs to be further improved under public health emergencies. Colleges and universities should pay full attention to health education on college students and constantly improve their health knowledge.