基于遥感技术估算藏东南山区地下水径流模数方法

Estimating Groundwater Runoff Modulus Method Based on Remote Sensing in Mountainous Areas of Southeast Tibet

如何科学评估野外场地条件下的地下水径流模数对于满足工程水文地质需求具有重要应用价值.结合现场调查、遥感解译和气象水文观测等技术手段,通过建立线性回归模型,开展了帕隆藏布流域场地条件下的地下水径流模数估算研究.结果表明:研究区具有典型的季节性积雪融雪规律.冬季积雪在夏季大量融化产流,作为地下水的一个额外补给源.去除融雪产流对径流模数影响后,研究区岩浆岩裂隙型、变质岩裂隙型、碎屑岩裂隙型、碳酸盐岩-碎屑岩裂隙溶隙型含水介质地下水径流模数分别在1.081~2.792 L/s·km^(2)、1.833~3.225 L/s·km^(2)、1.128~2.889 L/s·km^(2)、3.455~3.879 L/s·km^(2)之间.估算结果显示本文所建立的地下水径流估算模型可作为藏东南地区及类似条件区域地下水径流模数估算新方法,为雅鲁藏布江下游梯级开发等大型基础工程提供重要的水文地质参数支撑.

How to scientifically evaluate the groundwater runoff modulus under field conditions has important application value to meet the needs of engineering hydrogeology.In this paper,the study of groundwater runoff modulus under site conditions in the Parlung Zangbo watershed is carried out by establishing a linear regression model combined with technical means such as field survey,remote sensing interpretation and meteorological and hydrological observations.The results show that the study area has a typical seasonal snowmelt law.The snow accumulate in winter melt into runoff in summer,which serves as an additional source of groundwater recharge.After removing the influence of snowmelt runoff on the runoff modulus,the groundwater runoff modulus of magmatic aquifer,metamorphic aquifer,clastic aquifer and carbonate-clastic aquifer in the study area are respectively between1.081-2.792 L/s·km^(2),1.833-3.225 L/s·km^(2),1.128-2.889 L/s·km^(2),3.455-3.879 L/s·km^(2).The estimation results show that the groundwater runoff estimation model established in this paper can be used as a new method for estimating groundwater runoff modulus in southeastern Tibet and similar conditions,providing important hydrogeological parameter support for large-scale infrastructure projects in this area included the cascade development of the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River.