养老服务业发展:动力分析与政策路径选择

Development of the Eldercare Services Industry: Dynamic Analysis and Policy Path Selection

伴随着人口的快速老龄化,养老服务需求在质和量上也日益提升。目前,我国养老服务业发展还存在市场主体发育不足、供需错位、管理体制存在堵点等诸多问题,难以满足居家养老模式下的多种养老服务需求。通过分析养老服务运行系统的动力基础和动力要素,提出了推动养老服务业发展的三大主导动力——经济力、资源力和社会力,构建了养老服务业发展的三种动力模式——市场动力模式、体制动力模式和社会动力模式,并对每种动力模式的形成特征、形成机理、主导阶段予以分析。总结现阶段我国养老服务业发展的动力特征,探究动力要素驱动养老服务业发展的作用机理。提出了促进养老服务业发展的政策创新路径。

As population ages fast, people have an increasingly high demand for the quality and quantity of elderly care services. The eldercare services industry in China is now facing many problems: underdeveloped market players, supply and demand misalignment, and sticking points of the industry management system, etc. Therefore, various service demands in the context of home-based care cannot be properly met. By analyzing the dynamic basis and driving factors of the operating system of the eldercare service industry, we put forward three main driving forces for the development of the industry: economic force, resource force and social force. Then we developed three power modes, namely market power mode, system power mode and social power mode, and analyzed the characteristics, forming mechanisms, and main stages of those modes. Dynamic characteristics of the industry development and how those factors driving its development are summarized, and innovation strategies to promote its development are proposed.