高熵碳化物/硼化物陶瓷的研究现状及展望

Research Progress and Perspective of High-Entropy Carbide and Boride Ceramics

高熵陶瓷通常是指由5种或5种以上陶瓷组元形成的多组元固溶体,具有极高的硬度和模量、较低的热导率及良好的抗氧化性等优良性能,在航空航天、高速切削工具等极端使役环境下展现出巨大的发展潜力。然而,目前高熵陶瓷的研究尚处于起步阶段,理论判据及成分设计理论的完善、固溶耦合机制的建立、制备方法的优化、高通量计算的应用都是未来亟需研究的方向。本文总结和分析了高熵陶瓷的研究现状,主要介绍了高熵碳化物/硼化物陶瓷的体系设计、制备工艺及性能特点,并对其发展方向进行了分析和展望。

High-entropy ceramics(HECs) usually refer to multi-principal solid solutions formed by five or more ceramic component,which possess many superior properties, such as extremely high hardness and modulus, low thermal conductivity and good oxidation resistance, exhibiting great potential in aerospace, high-speed cutting tools and other harsh environments. However, the current research on HECs is still in its infancy. The improvement of theoretical criteria and composition design theory, the establishment of solid solution coupling mechanism, the optimization of preparation method and the application of high throughout computation are urgently needed in the future. This paper summarized and analyzed the research progress of HECs, which mainly introduced material design, preparation technology and performances of HECs, and the future development of HECs was prospected.