生产性服务进口技术复杂度与企业生产率:来自制造业上市公司的微观证据

Technological Sophistication of the Import of Producer Services and Firm Productivity: Microscopic Evidence from Listed Manufacturing Firms

制造业和生产性服务业之间的协同发展受到越来越多的关注,如何发展高质量生产性服务业以促进制造业生产率提升成为关键问题。鉴于国外成熟的生产性服务业对中国制造业的发展有溢出效应,文章借助2009~2019年沪深两市制造业上市公司数据研究生产性服务进口技术复杂度对企业生产率的影响。研究结果表明,生产性服务进口技术复杂度的提高显著促进了企业生产率的提升,在进行多种稳健性检验后该结论仍然成立,并且生产成本降低、人力资本积累以及促进国内生产性服务业正向发展是生产性服务进口技术复杂度影响企业生产率的中间渠道。生产性服务进口技术复杂度对企业生产率提升的影响效果因生产性服务进口类型、企业类型、制度环境的不同具有显著的异质性,进一步的分位数回归结果表明生产性服务进口技术复杂度对生产率水平居中的企业影响程度最大。文章研究结论对推动制造业转型升级及经济高质量发展具有深刻的现实意义。

More and more attention has been paid to the synergistic development between manufacturing industry and producer services.How to develop high-quality producer services to promote manufacturing productivity has become a key issue. In view of the spillover effect of foreign developed producer services on the development of China’s manufacturing industry,this paper uses the data of listed manufacturing companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2009 to 2019 to study the impact of technological sophistication of the import of producer services( TSI) on firm productivity. The research results show that high TSI significantly promotes firm productivity,and this conclusion remains valid after multiple robustness tests. Moreover,the reduction of production cost,the accumulation of human capital and the promotion of the positive development of domestic producer services are the intermediate channels through which TSI affects firm productivity. In addition,the effect of TSI on firm productivity improvement has significant heterogeneity due to different types of producer services import,firm types and institutional environment,and further the quantile regression results show that TSI has the greatest impact on firms with middle productivity level. The conclusion of this study has profound practical significance for promoting the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry and the highquality development of economy.