长非编码RNA NEAT1在糖尿病及其并发症中的分子调控机制

Molecular Mechanism of Long Non-coding RNA NEAT1 in Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications

糖尿病是由多种因素引起的代谢综合征,常造成多系统损害,导致眼、肾、血管、心、神经等组织器官慢性进行性病变。目前,其病因及发病机制未完全阐明,且缺乏有效治愈手段。进一步探索驱动糖尿病及其并发症的分子调控机制,鉴定出特异性的生物标志物和分子治疗靶标,无疑是阻止糖尿病发生发展,改善患者生存质量的有效策略。长非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是机体正常生命活动以及疾病发生发展中重要的调控因子,其异常表达和突变是引起糖尿病等许多疾病的主要原因之一。核旁丛组装转录本1(nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1,NEAT1)是近年新发现的lncRNA分子,因其在糖尿病及其并发症中具有重要的调控作用,以及多样的生物学效应而倍受关注。本文对lncRNA NEAT1在糖尿病及其并发症中的分子调控机制及其相关生物学功能进行详细总结,以期为糖尿病早期预防、诊断以及分子靶向治疗提供新的科学参考。

Diabetes is a clinical syndrome caused by a variety of factors.It often causes multiple system damage,leading to chronic progressive lesions of the eye,kidney,blood vessels,heart,nerves and other organs.At present,its etiology and pathogenesis are not fully clarified,and there is a lack of effective cure.Further exploration of the molecular regulatory mechanisms that drive diabetes and its complications,identifying specific biomarkers and molecular therapeutic targets,is undoubtedly an effective strategy to prevent the onset and development of diabetes and improve the quality of life of patients.Long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)is an important regulator of body normal activity and disease development.Abnormal expression and mutation are one of the main causes of diabetes and many other diseases.Nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1(NEAT1)is a newly discovered lncRNA molecule in recent years.It has attracted much attention because of its important regulatory role and diverse biological effects in diabetes and its complications.This article summarizes the molecular regulation mechanism and related biological functions of lncRNA NEAT1 in diabetes and its complications in order to provide a new scientific reference for early prevention,diagnosis and molecular targeted therapy of diabetes.