改良食物交换系统在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用

Applied Research on Improved Food Exchange System in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

目的:探讨改良食物交换系统在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用。方法:选择汕尾市人民医院2019年8月至2021年7月期间收治的80例妊娠期糖尿病患者,采用电脑随机系统分为对照组与观察组,各40例。对照组接受传统食物交换系统进行干预,观察组接受改良食物交换系统进行干预,比较两组患者临床干预效果。结果:干预前两组患者的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后观察组患者的的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前两组患者的三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL–C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL–C)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后观察组患者的TG、TC、LDL–C均低于对照组,HDL–C高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的不良妊娠结局发生率为2.50 %,低于对照组的15.00 %,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的剖宫产发生率为27.50 %,低于对照组的70.00 %,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:妊娠期糖尿病患者采用改良食物交换系统,能有效地控制患者的血糖水平、血脂水平,降低剖宫产发生率,改善妊娠结局。

Objective To discuss the application of the improved food exchange system in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods 80 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus entering Shanwei People’s Hospital from July 2019 to August 2021 were selected and equally divided into control group and observation group by the computer random system.The control group received traditional food exchange system for intervention,and the observation group received modified food exchange system for intervention,and the clinical intervention effects of the two groups were compared.Results There was no significant difference in fasting blood glucose,2h postprandial blood glucose and HbA1c between the two groups before intervention(P > 0.05).After intervention,fasting blood glucose,2h postprandial blood glucose and HbA1c in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) between the two groups before intervention (P > 0.05).After intervention,TG,TC and LDL-C in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,while HDL-C was higher than that in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the observation group was 2.50%,lower than 15.00% in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).The incidence of cesarean section in the observation group was 27.50% lower than 70.00 % in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion In patients with gestational diabetes mellitus,the improved food exchange system can effectively control the patients’ blood glucose level and blood lipid level,reduce the incidence of cesarean section,and improve the pregnancy outcome.