不同品种藜麦营养与功能活性成分比较及应用

Comparison and application of nutritional and functional active components in different varieties of quinoa

藜麦作为"伪谷物"的代表,是目前唯一一种能够满足人体基本营养需求的单体植物,不仅基本营养成分丰富而且富含多酚、黄酮、皂苷等多种功能活性成分。在过去的几十年,藜麦被广泛应用到了各个领域,其中功能食品领域更是将其视为一些特殊人群的福音。目前,针对藜麦开发的相关产品很多,但由于藜麦种质具有一定的基因变异性,因此品种间的营养特性会有所差异,而营养成分和功能活性成分上的差异往往会对人体健康产生不同的促进作用。本文对各地不同品种间藜麦的基本营养成分和功能活性成分的差异进行了综述,并展望了针对藜麦营养与功能特性的开发应用前景,以期为研究者针对不同人群合理选择不同营养特性的藜麦开发相关功能性产品提供参考。

Quinoa,as a representative of“pseudo cereals”,is the only monomer plant which can meet the basic nutritional needs of the human body.It is rich in not only basic nutrients but also a variety of functional active ingredients such as polyphenols,flavonoids and saponins.Over the past few decades,quinoa has been widely used in multiple fields,especially in functional food field where being treated as a boon to some special groups of people.Currently,lots of products pertaining to quinoa are developed,but due to a certain genetic variability of quinoa germplasm,the nutritional characteristics vary from variety to species,and their corresponding distinctions in nutrients and functional active ingredients will influence human health with different effects.This article reviewed the differences in the basic nutritional components and functional active components of quinoa among different varieties,and prospected for the development and application prospect of nutrition and functional characteristics of quinoa,in order to provide reference for researchers to rationally select quinoa with different nutritional characteristics for different populations to develop related functional products.