膳食纤维通过调节肠道微生物及其代谢产物对动脉粥样硬化的影响研究进展

Research progress on the effects of dietary fiber on atherosclerosis by regulating gut microbiota and gut microbial metabolites

膳食纤维是一种不可被消化和吸收的碳水化合物聚合物,能够通过调节肠道微生物群的生长,促进肠道微生物区系的动态平衡,进而影响肠道微生物代谢产物如脂多糖、三甲胺N-氧化物、短链脂肪酸和胆汁酸的产生,达到调节宿主生理健康的目的。动脉粥样硬化是一种慢性炎症性疾病,其发生发展与脂质代谢紊乱和炎症反应关系密切。而肠道微生物及其代谢产物的异常已被证实是导致慢性炎症状态与脂质代谢紊乱的重要原因。近年来饮食干预动脉粥样硬化受到的关注度日益增加。本文介绍了膳食纤维的定义、膳食纤维对动脉粥样硬化的影响、膳食纤维对肠道微生物区系的影响及肠道微生物代谢产物在动脉粥样硬化中的潜在作用,以期为膳食纤维防治动脉粥样硬化提供理论参考。

Dietary fiber is a kind of carbohydrate polymer that cannot be digested and absorbed,it promotes the dynamic balance of gut microbiota by regulating the growth of intestinal flora,and then affects the production of gut microbial metabolites such as lipopolysaccharides,trimethylamine N-oxide,short-chain fatty acids and bile acids to regulate host physiological health.Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease,and its occurrence and development are closely related to lipid metabolism disorder and inflammatory response.The abnormality of gut microbiota and gut microbial metabolites has been proved to be an important cause of chronic inflammation and lipid metabolism disorder.Dietary interventions of atherosclerosis have received increasing attention in recent years.This article presented the definition of dietary fiber,the effects of dietary fiber on atherosclerosis,the effects of dietary fiber on the gut microbiota,and the potential role of gut microbial metabolites in atherosclerosis with the aim of providing a theoretical reference for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis with dietary fiber.