食源性致病菌和腐败菌的快速检测方法研究进展

Research progress on methods for the rapid detection of food-borne pathogenic bacteria and spoilage bacteria

食源性致病菌和腐败菌污染一直是引发食品安全事件的重要因素。传统的检测方法虽具有较高的准确性,但需培养及生化实验,耗费时间长且操作较复杂,开发高效、快速的检测方法对保障食品安全至关重要。近年来,科学技术的进步使一些新方法、新技术逐渐被运用,比传统培养法检测时间更短、效率更高、特异性更好,具有广阔的应用前景。因此,本文综述了食源性致病菌和腐败菌快速检测方法的最新研究进展,包括纸片法、流式细胞术、阻抗法、腺苷三磷酸荧光法、光谱检测技术、分子生物学检测技术、免疫学检测法及生物传感器检测技术等,着重论述了各种方法的原理、优缺点、应用状况及发展方向,为致病菌和腐败菌引发的食品安全事件的预防及控制提供参考。

Food-borne pathogenic bacteria and spoilage bacteria contamination have always been important factors in food safety incidents.Traditional microbial detection methods are accurate,however they take long time and need complicated operation,so it is of great significances to develop efficient and fast methods.With scientific and technological development in recent years,many new methods are gradually applied in the detection,compared with the traditional culture method,the detection time is shorter,the efficiency is higher,the specificity is better,and it has broad application prospect.This paper reviewed the rapid detection technology of food-borne pathogenic bacteria and spoilage bacteria in recent years,such as paper method,flow cytometry,electrical impedance measurement,adenosine triphosphoric acid bioluminescence techniques,spectroscopic techniques,molecular biology detection technology,immunological detection method,biosensors,and so on,discussed the principle,advantages and disadvantages,application progress and development direction of each method.It is expected to provide references for the prevention and control of food safety incidents caused by food-borne pathogenic bacteria and spoilage bacteria.