应用DNA条形码技术对深圳市售花胶鱼种鉴定与分析

Identification and analysis on original species of isinglass for sale in Shenzhen through DNA barcoding

目的采用基于DNA条形码技术对深圳市售花胶鱼种进行鉴定与分析。方法以细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅰ(cytochrome c oxidase,COⅠ)基因为目标基因,应用DNA条形码技术鉴别深圳各药房和超市零售花胶的种类来源。结果94份花胶样品均扩增出特异性条带。根据BOLD系统鉴定结果统计,深圳地区市售花胶94份样品中,按来源鱼种区分,基原鱼种(鉴定到属)为尼罗尖吻鲈和尖吻鲈属占比29.79%,其次为苏里南犬牙石首鱼占比15.96%,以及双棘原黄姑鱼/褐毛鲿占比8.5%。按来源鱼种所属的科区分,石首鱼科共计41个,占比43.62%;尖吻鲈科共计28个,占比29.79%;鳕科共计7个,占比7.45%。结论目前我国花胶基原鱼种以石首鱼科为主,外来基原鱼种增多。深圳市售花胶存在真伪混淆现象,DNA条形码技术可用于花胶的来源物种鉴定。

Objective To identify and analyze the original species of isinglass sold in Shenzhen by DNA bar code technology.Methods By aiming cytochrome c oxidase(COⅠ)gene as the target gene,DNA barcoding was used to identify the original species of the isinglass from the pharmacy and retail market in Shenzhen.Results COI gene sequences of all 94 samples of isinglass were successfully amplified.According to the identification results of the BOLD system,among the 94 samples of isinglass on the market in Shenzhen,Lates niloticus and Lates accounted for 29.79%,followed by Suriname toothed grouper,accounting for 15.96%,and the third was Nibea bisacantha/marmorata,accounting for 8.5%.According to the families of original species,there were 41 Sciaenidae in total,accounting for 43.62%;28 Lates in total,accounting for 29.79%;7 Codidae in total,accounting for 7.45%.Conclusion Most of the native original species of isinglass in China are Sciaenidae at present,and the number of foreign species is increasing.There is confusion between the authenticity of isinglass sold in Shenzhen market,and DNA barcoding technology can be used to identify the original species of isinglass.