城市层级对中国城市创新绩效的影响研究

Impact of Urban Hierarchy on China’s Urban Innovation Performance

城市是国家创新驱动发展和科技自立自强的核心空间载体,提升城市创新绩效将有利于我国更好地参与全球科技竞争合作、融入全球创新网络。以中国280个地级以上城市为研究对象,通过双向固定效应模型、工具变量法和广义矩估计,探索城市层级对于创新绩效的影响,并利用门槛回归模型,揭示城市层级与创新绩效之间的非线性关系,探讨不同城市层级对于创新绩效的阶段性特征。结果表明:(1)中国城市层级的提升能够显著促进创新绩效,城市层级是城市创新绩效提升的前提要件,但并不存在反向因果关系。(2)城市层级对创新绩效的促进作用存在区域异质性,东北地区城市层级的提升对创新绩效的促进作用最大,其次为东部地区、西部地区和中部地区;创新型城市的城市层级提升对创新绩效的促进作用大于非创新型城市。(3)城市层级对创新绩效的影响具有非线性特征,城市规模结构不合理,会造成创新绩效的损失。

City is the core space carrier of national innovation-driven development and being self-reliance on science and technology.It will help China better participate in global scientific and technology competition and cooperation into the global innovation network to enhance the performance of urban innovation.Taking 280 cities above the prefecture level in China as objects,this paper explored the impact of urban hierarchy on innovation performance through the bidirectional fixed effects model,instrumental variable method and generalized moment estimation,and used the threshold regression model to reveal the nonlinear relationship between urban hierarchy and innovation performance,and at last discussed the stage characteristics of different urban tiers for innovation performance.The results show:(1)The promotion of China*s urban tier can significantly promote innovation performance.Urban tier is the prerequisite of the promotion of urban innovation performance,and there is no reverse causality.(2)There is regional heterogeneity in the impact of urban hierarchy on innovation performance.The promotion of urban tier in Northeast China has the largest promotion effect on innovation performance,followed by the eastern,the western and the central region.The promotion of urban tier in innovation-oriented cities has a greater effect on innovation performance than that in non-innovation-oriented cities.(3)The impact of urban hierarchy on innovation performance has a nonlinear characteristic.Unreasonable city size will cause the loss of innovation performance.