不同免疫方式对绵羊口蹄疫免疫效果的影响

Effect of different immunization methods on the titer of ovine foot-and-mouth disease antibody

为了优化和筛选适合规模化绵羊养殖场的口蹄疫免疫方式,试验将120只50日龄的断奶湖羊随机分为指导剂量组、加倍剂量组、加强免疫组和联合免疫组4组,进行口蹄疫疫苗免疫试验。指导剂量组按照1.0 mL/只肌肉注射,加倍剂量组按照2.0 mL/只肌肉注射,加强免疫组分别在首免当天(0天)和首免后14天按照1.0 mL/只各免疫1次,联合免疫组在首免当天(0天)同时分点免疫口蹄疫灭活疫苗(1.0 mL/只)、小反刍兽疫弱毒活疫苗(1头份/只)、羊传染性胸膜肺炎疫苗(5.0 mL/只),各组分别于首免当天(0天)和首免后14,30,150天采血测定口蹄疫疫苗抗体阳性率和抗体效价。结果表明:首免后14,30,150天时,指导剂量组抗体阳性率为42.3%、75.0%、65.4%,加倍剂量组为88.9%、96.4%、96.2%,加强免疫组为60.0%、96.0%、96.0%,联合免疫组为91.7%、83.3%、84.0%,加倍剂量组和联合免疫组明显优于指导剂量组。在免疫后14天时,加倍剂量组和联合免疫组口蹄疫抗体效价均显著或极显著高于指导剂量组和加强免疫组(P<0.05或P<0.01);30天时加倍剂量组、加强免疫组和联合免疫组口蹄疫抗体效价均极显著高于指导剂量组(P<0.01);30,150天时加强免疫组和联合免疫组均显著或极显著高于加倍剂量组(P<0.05或P<0.01),但30天时加强免疫组和联合免疫组间差异显著(P<0.05)。说明在对绵羊接种口蹄疫疫苗时,首免后14天加强免疫一次或与小反刍兽疫疫苗和山羊传染性胸膜肺炎疫苗联合免疫均能取得较好的免疫效果。

In order to optimize and screen the immunization methods of foot-and-mouth disease suitable for large-scale farms, in the experiment, 120 50-day-old weaning Hu sheep were randomly divided into four groups: guided dose group, double dose group, booster immunization group, and combined immunization group on which the foot-and-mouth disease vaccine immunization test was performed. The guided dose group was given 1.0 mL/head intramuscularly;the double dose group was given 2.0 mL/head intramuscularly;the booster immunization group was immunized at 1.0 mL/head on the day of the first vaccination(day 0) and 14 days after the first vaccination;the combined immunization group was simultaneously immunized at different sites with inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccine(1.0 mL/head), attenuated peste des ruminants live vaccine(1 dose/head) and inactivated sheep infectious pleuropneumonia vaccine(5.0 mL/head) on the day of the first immunization( day 0). Blood was collected on the day of the first immunization(day 0), 14, 30, and 150 days respectively after the first immunization in each group, and the positive rate of foot-and-mouth disease antibody and antibody titer were determined. The results showed that On the 14 th, 30 th and 150 th day after the first immunization, the positive rate of antibody was 42.3%, 75.0% and 65.4% in the guided dose group, 88.9%,96.4% and 96.2% in the double dose group, 60.0%, 96.0% and 96.0% in the booster immunization group, 91.7%, 83.3% and 84.0% in the combined immunization group. The double dose group and the combined immunization group were obvious due to the guided dose group. The foot-and-mouth disease antibody and antibody titer in the double dose group and the combined immunization group 14 days after immunization were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in the guided dose group and the booster immunization group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). After 30 days, the positive rate and antibody titer of foot-and-mouth disease antibody in the double dose group, booster immunization group, and combined immunization group were extremely significantly higher than those in the guided dose group(P<0.01). After 30 days and 150 days, the booster immunization group and the combined immunization group were significantly or extremely significantly higher than the double dose group(P<0.05 or P<0.01), but on the 30 th day the difference between the booster immunization group and the combined immunization group was significant(P>0.05 or P<0.01). The results suggested that when immunizing sheep with foot-and-mouth disease vaccine, booster immunization or combined immunization with peste des ruminants vaccine and sheep infectious pleuropneumonia vaccine could achieve good immune effect 14 days after the first immunization.