重庆市城乡居民肉类消费特征及影响因素分析

Analysis on the characteristics and influencing factors of meat consumption of urban and rural residents in Chongqing City

为全面了解重庆市城乡居民肉类消费情况,促进重庆市城乡居民肉类消费的转型升级,本研究根据2010—2019年重庆市城乡居民人均肉类消费相关数据分析重庆市城乡居民肉类消费特征,并运用灰色关联模型研究人均可支配收入、肉类产品价格、城镇化水平和消费习惯4个因素对重庆市城乡居民肉类消费的影响。结果表明:重庆市城镇居民肉类消费量基本稳定,农村居民肉类消费量增长迅速;居民肉类消费结构中猪肉消费占比最高,牛羊肉消费占比较低;城乡居民肉类消费差距逐渐缩小;城乡居民户外肉类消费比例不断扩大。消费习惯对重庆市城乡居民肉类消费有重要影响;其次是人均可支配收入,其对农村居民肉类消费的影响大于城镇居民;城镇化水平和产品价格对城乡居民肉类消费影响也较大,且对城镇居民肉类消费的影响大于农村居民。鉴于此,提出以下建议:增加农村居民收入,提高肉类消费水平;保障畜禽产品供给,丰富肉类产品消费形式;积极宣传膳食知识,推动城乡居民肉类消费结构合理化;加强肉类产品质量监管,提高肉类产品质量。

To comprehensively understand the meat consumption situation and promote the transformation and upgrading of meat consumption of urban and rural residents in Chongqing City, the meat consumption characteristics of urban and rural residents in Chongqing City were analyzed in this paper based on the per capita meat consumption data of urban and rural residents in Chongqing from 2010 to 2019. The grey correlation model was used to study the influence of four factors, including per capita disposable income, meat product price, urbanization level and consumption habit, on the meat consumption of urban and rural residents in Chongqing City. The results showed that the meat consumption of urban residents remained basically stable, while that of rural residents increased rapidly in Chongqing City. Pork consumption was the main meat consumption, in contrast beef and mutton consumption was relatively low. With the improvement of the living standard of rural residents, the meat consumption gap between urban and rural residents had been gradually narrowed. The proportion of meat consumed outdoors by urban and rural residents was expanding. In addition, consumption habits had a significant impacted on the meat consumption of urban and rural residents.Per capita disposable income had great impact on meat consumption of rural residents than urban residents. Urbanization level and product price also had a greater impact on meat consumption of urban and rural residents, and the impact on meat consumption of urban residents is greater than that of rural residents. In view of this, the following recommendations were made: increase the income of rural residents and raise the level of meat consumption;ensure the supply of livestock and poultry products and enrich meat products consumption forms;actively publicize dietary knowledge, promote rationalization of meat consumption structure of urban and rural residents;strengthen oversight of meat product quality and improve the quality of meat products.