2010-2020年河南省青年人群HIV/AIDS流行特征

Characteristics of HIV/AIDS epidemic among young people in Henan province,2010-2020

目的掌握河南省青年人群HIV/AIDS流行特征,为制定青年人群艾滋病防治措施提供依据。方法通过中国艾滋病防治基本信息系统,收集2010-2020年河南省15~24岁人群HIV/AIDS病例信息,应用描述性流行病学方法分析流行特征。结果2010-2020年河南省新报告青年人群HIV/AIDS共6704例,新发现率总体呈上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=1265.236,P<0.001),其中男性新发现率逐年增加,女性逐年减少。男女比为5.5∶1(5674∶1030),报告年龄为(21.0±2.4)岁,18~22岁占59.0%,校外青年占80.4%;主要传播途径由异性性传播转为同性性传播,学生同性性传播病例的年平均增长速度(35.3%)高于校外青年(30.9%)。男性病例主要来源于自愿咨询检测,女性则为医疗机构。首次CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞(CD4)M(P_(25),P_(75))是414(279,562)个/μL,男性高于女性(Z=4.826,P<0.001),首次CD4<200个/μL的占14.3%,构成比逐年减少。结论2010-2020年河南省青年人群HIV/AIDS疫情总体呈上升趋势,新报告病例以男性、校外青年、同性性传播为主,18~22岁是主要受累人群。应从初中开始积极开展规范化的性教育,覆盖所有青少年人群,提高主动检测意愿,早发现早诊断早治疗。

Objective To understand the characteristics of young HIV/AIDS cases in Henan province,and provide evidence for the formulation of HIV prevention measures in young adults.Methods Data of HIV/AIDS cases aged 15~24 years in Henan province from 2010 to 2020 were collected through national HIV/AIDS information system,and descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic characteristics.Results A total of 6704 cases of young HIV/AIDS were reported from 2010-2020.The new disagnosis rate increased annually(χ_(trend)^(2)=1265.236,P<0.001),with males increasing and females decreasing.The male to female ratio was 5.5∶1(5674∶1030);the mean age was(21.0±2.4)years;cases aged 18-22 years accounted for 59.0%;out-of-school youths accounted for 80.4%.The main route of transmission was transformed from heterosexual transmission to homosexual transmission.The growth rate of homosexual transmission among young students was 35.3%,higher than that of out-of-school youths(30.9%).The male cases sourced from HIV voluntary counseling and testing clinic,while the female cases mainly sourced from hospitals.The median first CD4^(+)T cells(CD4)count was 414(279,562)cells/μL,which was higher in males than that in females(Z=4.826,P<0.001).The proportion of the first CD4 count below 200 cells/μL was 14.3%,decreasing annually.Conclusion From 2010 to 2020,HIV/AIDS epidemic among young people in Henan showed an overall upward trend;most of reported cases were male,aged 18-22 years,out-of-school youths,and sourced from homosexual sexual transmission.It is necessary to standardize sexual health education from primary school,improve the willingness of active detection,and realize early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment.