珊瑚礁生态系统中造礁石珊瑚退化原因分析与维护技术进展

Analysis on the degradation of hermatypic corals in coral reef ecosystem and advances in maintenance techniques

珊瑚对环境要求较高,温度、盐度、pH、重金属、悬浮泥沙、紫外线等因素都可能造成珊瑚的退化。又因为造礁石珊瑚是现代珊瑚礁的框架,本研究首先基于造礁石珊瑚的生存状况及其与珊瑚礁生态系统的密切关系,分析了其退化原因及可能产生的后果,进而从珊瑚礁生物增殖放流、人工养殖移植技术、相关功能基因研究、科学有效的监测管理等多个角度,综述了造礁石珊瑚及珊瑚礁生态系统的修复技术及相关研究和管理措施的进展状况。

Due to coral’s high environmental requirements,changes of temperature,salinity,pH,heavy metals,suspended sediment,ultraviolet and other factors may cause coral degradation.Since hermatypic corals were the framework of modern coral reefs,the degradation reasons of hermatypic corals and the possible consequences of their degradation were firstly analyzed based on living situation of hermatypic corals and their close relationship with coral reef ecosystems.And then,the restoration technologies of hermatypic corals and coral reef ecosystem,and their related researches and management measures were reviewed from the points of coral reef organisms proliferation and release,artificial culture and transplantation technologies,correlative functional gene research,scientific and effective monitoring and management,and so on.