共同富裕目标下的公平与效率

Equity and efficiency under the goal of common prosperity

共同富裕是建设社会主义现代化强国的必然要求和必经之路,为进一步探讨实现共同富裕的路径,对共同富裕的内涵和历史演进进行分析,研究共同富裕目标下公平与效率均衡问题。研究发现,共同富裕具有以人民为中心、共享互助和全面发展的深刻内涵,公平与效率的均衡是共同富裕的内在要求,共同富裕目标的演进经历了由效率优先到侧重公平的转变过程;推动实现共同富裕的关键在于处理好公平与效率的关系,公平与效率均衡会受到资源要素、产业集聚、技术因素、社会秩序产业转移、生态环境等因素的影响。研究认为,应在准确识别影响因素的基础上,促进以公平目标为主导的有效发展,发挥第三次分配的补充作用,解决收入差距问题;积极推动传统优势产业发展、转型升级,解决人民关切的实际问题;发挥数字经济开放互通特性,促进价值链供求信息匹配和要素资源流动通畅,提升人民生活便利化程度;利用科技创新提升全要素生产率,保障人民生活质量,推动共同富裕取得实质性进展。

Common prosperity is the inevitable requirement and the only way to build a modern and better socialist country. In order to further explore the path to achieve common prosperity, this paper analyzes the connotation and historical evolution of common prosperity, and studies the balance of equity and efficiency under the goal of common prosperity. It is found that common prosperity has a profound connotation of people-centered, sharing, mutual assistance and all-round development. The balance between equity and efficiency is the inherent requirement of common prosperity. The evolution of common prosperity has experienced a transition process from efficiency as priority to focus on equity. The key to promote the realization of common prosperity is to deal with the relationship between equity and efficiency, which will be affected by resource factors, industrial agglomeration, technological factors, social order industrial transfer, ecological environment and other factors. The research believes that, based on the accurate identification of the influencing factors, we should promote the effective development guided by the objective of equity, play the supplementary role of the third distribution, and solve the problem of income gap. In addition, we should actively promote the development, transformation and upgrading of industries with traditional advantages and address practical issues of concern to the people. We should leverage the openness and connectivity features of digital economy to better match supply and demand information in the value chain and smooth flow of factors and resources, so as to make people’s lives more convenient. We should use scientific and technological innovation to raise the total factor productivity, ensure people’s quality of life, and make substantive progress in promoting common prosperity.