“身份”分割、环境规制与就业

“Identity”Segmentation,Environmental Regulation and Employment

劳动力市场存在的“身份”分割问题导致环境规制对不同身份劳动力就业影响存在非对称性。基于“身份”分割视角,利用2009~2018年30个省份面板数据实证分析环境规制对不同身份劳动力就业的异质性影响及作用机理,进一步采用面板门槛模型验证环境规制对劳动力就业的“身份”分割门槛效应。研究结果表明:环境规制对劳动力就业的影响与其“身份”具有较强相关性,环境规制强度提升对“非国有”“外地”“非垄断”劳动力就业的负面冲击大于“国有”“本地”“垄断”劳动力就业;环境规制对劳动力就业存在显著的“身份”分割门槛效应,当劳动力市场处于中、高“身份”分割时,环境规制对“非垄断”“非国有”“外地”个体就业影响为负,当劳动力市场处于低“身份”分割时,环境规制对“非垄断”“非国有”“外地”就业影响由抑制转为促进。

The existence of“identity”division in the labor market leads to the asymmetric impact of environmental regulation on the employment of different identities.Based on the perspective of“identity”segmentation,this paper empirically analyzed the heterogeneous impact of environmental regulation on labor employment of different identities and the mechanism of action by using panel data from 30 provinces from 2009 to 2018,and further verified the“identity”segmentation threshold effect of environmental regulation on labor employment by using panel threshold model.The results show that the impact of environmental regulation on labor employment has a strong correlation with its“status”,and the negative impact of increased environmental regulation intensity on the employment of“non-state-owned”,“foreign”and“non-monopoly”labor is greater than that of“state-owned”,“local”and“monopoly”labor.Environment plays a significant role in regulation of the employment of“identity”segmentation threshold effect,when the Labour market is in middle,high division of“identity”,environmental regulation to“a monopoly”,“non-state”and“outside”individual job impact is negative,when the Labour market is in low segment“identity”,environmental regulation to“a monopoly”,“non-state”and“outside”influence from inhibition to promote employment.