自由贸易试验区与企业出口产品质量——基于上海自贸试验区的经验分析

Free Trade Zone and Firms′Export Products Quality:An Empirical Analysis Based on Shanghai Free Trade Zone

本文以上海自贸试验区为例,基于中国工业企业和海关的微观数据,采用序列匹配和双重差分的识别方法,探究了自贸试验区设立对我国企业出口产品质量的影响及机理。研究发现,自贸试验区设立显著促进了所在区域内企业出口产品质量提升,验证了自贸试验区对出口贸易高质量发展的重要作用。机制分析显示,自贸试验区主要通过缓解融资约束和促进同业竞争两种方式,推动企业出口产品质量提升。此外,自贸试验区对区域内的中小型企业、私营企业、外资企业、中高技术型企业以及生产差异化产品企业的促进作用更为明显。这些结论对我国自贸试验区设立和出口贸易高质量发展都具有重要的政策启示。

Taking Shanghai free trade zone as an example,we explore the impact and mechanism of the free trade zone on the quality of export products.In order to make the research successfully,the method of PSM-DID is used,and we have adopted China Industrial Enterprises and Customs Data.We have found that the free trade zone has significantly enhanced the quality of export products,which verifies an important role in the high quality development of export trade.Mechanism analysis shows that the promotion of the export product quality is mainly produced by the alleviation of financing constraints and promoting horizontal competition.In addition,in the free trade zone,some companies'product quality improvement is particularly obvious,such as small and medium-sized enterprises,private enterprises,foreign enterprises,medium and high-tech enterprises,and enterprises that produce differentiated products.There is no doubt that this study has a very important policy revelation on the construction of free trade zone and the high quality development of export trade in China.