高增益电磁带隙结构微带天线设计

Design of high gain microstrip antenna with electromagnetic bandgap structure

电磁带隙结构禁带区的电磁特性使其在微波工程得到广泛应用,在微带天线设计中常常用来提高天线的增益。对加载电磁带隙结构的微带天线进行了仿真,首先讨论电磁带隙结构与微带天线之间的间距对其辐射特性的影响:一是影响其辐射频率,二是影响其天线增益;其次,讨论不同布局的电磁带隙结构对天线增益的影响:不仅围合式结构可以增加天线的增益,非围合式结构同样可以提高天线的增益且增加幅度几乎与围合式布局相等;最后,讨论了加载电磁带隙的微带天线当极化方式不同时天线的增益,无论是水平极化还是垂直极化,电磁带隙结构均能够增加天线系统的增益,且增加幅度并未明显变化。

EBG band gap is widely used in microwave engineering because of its electromagnetic characteristics.It is often used to improve the gain of microstrip antenna.The microstrip antenna loaded with EBG is simulated.Firstly it is pointed out that the gap between the EBG structure and the microstrip antenna has an important influence on its radiation characteristics:one influence is the radiation frequency,and the other is the antenna gain.Secondly the relationship between the layout of EBG and the antenna gain is discussed:not only the enclosed layout of the electromagnetic band-gap structure can increase the antenna gain but also the non enclosed structure can improve the gain of the antenna too and the increased value is almost equal to that of the enclosed structure.At last the gain of microstrip antenna loaded with electromagnetic band gap under different polarization modes is discussed.Whether it is horizontal polarization or vertical polarization the electromagnetic band gap structure all can increase the gain of antenna system and the increament is almost the same.