溴系阻燃剂生产厂周边土壤中多溴联苯醚的污染特征与源解析

Pollution characteristics and source apportionment of PBDEs in the surrounding soil of brominated flame retardants manufacturing plant

采集了山东潍坊某溴系阻燃剂生产厂周边表层土壤样品,分析了土壤中14种多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的含量、组成和分布特征,并进行了来源解析和致癌风险评价。结果表明,道路土壤中14种PBDEs总质量浓度(∑_(14) PBDEs)为1513.56~6303.74 ng/g,平均值为3515.43 ng/g,农田土壤中∑_(14) PBDEs低于道路土壤。与国内外其他区域相比,该生产厂周边土壤PBDEs处于中高污染水平。土壤中的PBDEs主要为十溴联苯醚(BDE209)、2,2’,3,4,4’-五溴联苯醚(BDE85)和2,2’,3,4,4’,5’-六溴联苯醚(BDE138),占比分别为44.9%、17.3%和16.7%。道路土壤中PBDEs总体上呈现随距离增加而降低的趋势,南部土壤中∑_(14) PBDEs最高。在PBDEs组成上,西部和北部土壤中BDE209比例高,而南部土壤中低溴联苯醚比例相对较高。生产厂周边土壤中的PBDEs主要来源于BDE209的生产、脱溴和五溴联苯醚工业品的排放,对周边人群存在潜在致癌风险。

The topsoil samples were collected near a brominated flame retardants manufacturing plant in Weifang,Shandong Province.Content,composition and distribution characteristics of 14 types of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)in topsoil were analyzed,the source of PBDEs was identified and the cancer risk assessment was evaluated.The results showed that the total content of 14 PBDEs(∑_(14) PBDEs)in roadside soil ranged from 1513.56 ng/g to 6303.74 ng/g with a mean value of 3515.43 ng/g.The∑_(14) PBDEs in the farmland soil was lower than that in roadside soil.The PBDEs content in the study area was at a medium-high level compared with other regions at home and abroad.The major PBDEs were decabromodiphenyl(BDE209),2,2’,3,4,4’-pentabromodiphenyl ether(BDE85)and 2,2’,3,4,4’,5’-hexabromodiphenyl ether(BDE138)with contribution rates of 44.9%,17.3%and 16.7%,respectively.The∑_(14) PBDEs gradually decreased with the increase of distance from the central area,and∑_(14) PBDEs was highest in the soil of south direction.From the point of PBDEs composition,the proportion of BDE209 was higher in soil of west and north direction,while the proportion of low brominated diphenyl ethers was higher in soil of south direction.PBDEs in the soil mainly derived from the production and debromination of BDE209,and also from the emission of commercial pentabromodiphenyl ether.PBDEs presented potential carcinogenic risk to surrounding human group.