个人养老金公共管理平台的国际经验与政策启示

International Experience and Policy Enlightenment of Individual Pension Public Management Platform

第三支柱养老保险是以账户为运行载体的个人养老金制度,当前发展面临的一个关键性问题是如何建立统一的账户管理平台。从国际趋势看,越来越多的国家开始引入社保公共服务平台,将各支柱养老金纳入统一管理。本文在分析国际上个人账户养老金管理模式的基础上,重点对英国、挪威、瑞典、丹麦等国家建立统一养老金服务平台的经验做法进行介绍。针对中国第三支柱个人养老金管理平台建设,提出两项主要改革战略:一是在受托管理上,引入类似英国NEST计划的养老金公共信托平台,实现第二、第三支柱养老金的融合发展;二是在信息系统建设上,尽快整合行业性账户管理体系,逐步将多层次养老金纳入国家社保公共服务平台。

Third pillar pension is essentially an individual pension plan based on individual account and currently a key issue in the development of the third pillar pension is how to establish a unified account management platform.From the perspective of international trends,more and more countries have begun to establish the social security public management platforms and include multilayer pension plans into a unified system.Based on the analysis on the management models of individual account pension in the world,this paper introduces the experience of establishing a unified pension service platform in Britain,Norway,Sweden,Denmark and other countries.For the development of China’s third pillar pension platform,we should puts forward two major strategies:the first is to introduce a public trustee plan based on the British NEST experience,so as to realize the integration management of the second pillar and third pillar;second,in the construction of information systems,industrial account management systems should be integrated as soon as possible,and multi-level pensions should be gradually incorporated into the national social security public service platform.