双煤层工作面开采布置方式对采煤沉陷的影响

The influence of mining layout of double coal seam faces on coal mining subsidence

为了研究工作面的布置方式对采煤沉陷的影响,以安山煤矿为例,采用相似材料模拟实验、数值模拟等研究手段,在3^(-1)号煤中布置面间煤柱宽度分别为20 m和40 m的2个工作面,在3^(-1)号煤的下方3号煤中布置一个工作面,且使该工作面中心与上层煤留设的煤柱中心重合,构建了双煤层工作面的2种布置方式。研究结果表明,留设不同宽度的煤柱,采用数值模拟和相似材料模拟得到的覆岩破坏变形特征基本一致。煤层重复采动工作面布置方式使工作面上覆岩层下沉形态呈现“W”型。工作面留设的煤柱越宽,煤柱上方覆岩下沉范围显著减小,对于覆岩的支撑效果越好,越能抵抗覆岩的移动变形,采煤沉陷越不明显。通过对结果的分析,在布置工作面时,适当的增加煤柱宽度,可以有效减缓采煤沉陷,为科学预防采煤沉陷灾害的发生提供了参考。

Anshan Coal Mine in northern Shaanxi is taken as the research object to explore the influence of working face layout on coal mining subsidence.Similar material simulation experiments and numerical simulation and other research methods are carried out to arrange two working faces with the width of coal pillars 20 m and 40 m respectively.One working face is arranged in the No.3 coal below the No.3^(-1) coal,and the center of the working face coincides with the center of the coal pillar set in the upper coal to form a two layout methods of double coal seam working face.The research results show that the failure and deformation characteristics of the overburden rock obtained by numerical simulation and similar material simulation are basically the same after leaving coal pillars of different widths.The layout of the repeated mining face of the coal seam causes the overlying strata of the face to present the shape of“W”.The wider the coal pillars left in the working face,the lower the subsidence range of the overlying rock above the coal pillars,the better the supporting effect of the overlying rock,the more resistant to the movement and deformation of the overlying rock,and the less obvious coal mining subsidence.An analysis of the results shows that a proper increase in the width of the coal pillars can effectively slow down the coal mining subsidence,a reference for scientific prevention of the occurrence of coal mining subsidence disasters.