试论后周皇陵的选址问题

On Site Selection of Mausoleums of the Later Zhou Dynasty

后周皇陵包括太祖嵩陵、世宗庆陵、恭帝顺陵和一座皇后陵,其选址沿用了战国以来临近都城的原则,以便于祭祀;继承了汉唐以来因高为基的传统,用以体现天子的威严,并起到防水的功效;受到星宿分野理论和阴阳五行思想的影响,以期能够起到驱禳避灾的作用;并采用了当时郑洛一带较为盛行的“居龙岗、望平川”的风水思想。

The discovered mausoleums of the later Zhou Dynasty include the Mausoleum Song of the first founder of the dynasty,Mausoleum Qing of Emperor Shizong, Mausoleum Shun of Emperor Gong and a mausoleum of an empress. These mausoleums all have been found adjacent to the capital city, following a convention concerning site selection passed down ever since the Warring States Period and allowing regular sacrificial rites. Standing tall and erect, like mausoleums that had been built since Han and Tang dynasties, these mausoleums in height were a display of the majesty of the deceased emperors, and their altitudes ensured that they would not be damaged by possible inundation. Under the influence of the system of constellations and their earthly counterparts as well as theories concerning Yin-Yang and Five Elements, the mausoleums, embodying the‘sitting on a winding mountain range and facing a boundless open space’ concept in Feng-shui popular in the areas of modernday Zhengzhou and Luoyang, were specifically sited and engineered to ward off ill luck and evil.