牙龈卟啉单胞菌牙龈蛋白酶的研究进展

Research Progress of Gingipain of Porphyromonas Gingivalis

牙周炎是一种牙齿支持组织的慢性炎症性疾病,能引起结缔组织和牙槽骨的破坏而导致渐进性附着丧失,最终可能导致牙齿脱落。革兰氏阴性厌氧菌牙龈卟啉单胞菌是慢性牙周炎的重要致病菌,具有包括脂多糖、菌毛、血细胞凝集素和胞外蛋白酶在内的多种毒力因子,其中牙龈蛋白酶提供的蛋白水解活性占该生物体产生的一般蛋白水解活性的大部分(85%),已被认为是必需的毒力因子。本文就牙龈卟啉单胞菌牙龈蛋白酶的分类、分泌、致病作用及其抑制剂的研究作一综述。

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of tooth-supporting tissues.It could give a rise to a progressive loss of attachment by destructing the connective tissue and alveolar bone,and may eventually lead to tooth loss.Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.gingivalis)is an important pathogen of chronic periodontitis,which expresses several virulence factors,including lipopolysaccharide,fimbriae,hemagglutinins,and cysteine proteinases.Among them,gingipains(belonging to cysteine proteinases)account for most(85%)of the general proteolytic activity caused by P.gingivalis,and have been considered as the essential virulence factor.This review discusses the gingipains's classification,secretion,pathogenic effects,and inhibitors.