前置胎盘危险因素与妊娠结局、围产儿结局的相关性分析

Correlation Analysis between Placenta Previa Type and Pregnancy Outcome and Perinatal Outcome

目的:探讨前置胎盘危险因素与妊娠结局、围产儿结局的相关性分析。方法:选取2017年4月-2020年10月吉安市儿童医院收治的78例前置胎盘患者作为前置胎盘组,另选取同期78例正常孕产妇作为对照组,比较两组一般资料。将前置胎盘组根据前置胎盘类型分为完全性前置胎盘组(n=28)、部分性前置胎盘组(n=32)、边缘性前置胎盘组(n=18)。观察三组妊娠结局、围产儿结局,分析不同前置胎盘类型与妊娠结局、围产儿结局的相关性。结果:前置胎盘组年龄高于对照组,且高龄产妇、分娩史、流产史、剖宫产史占比均高于对照组(P<0.05)。三组胎盘粘连、胎盘植入、产后出血和子宫切除发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中完全性前置胎盘组>部分性前置胎盘组>边缘性前置胎盘组。三组低体重、早产、窒息发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中完全性前置胎盘组>部分性前置胎盘组>边缘性前置胎盘组。三种前置胎盘类型与妊娠结局、围产儿结局均存在相关性(P<0.05)。结论:低体重、早产、窒息等不良围产儿结局和胎盘粘连、胎盘植入、产后出血和子宫切除等不良妊娠结局的发生率因前置胎盘类型的不同而存在明显差异性,具有相关性,为随后制定预防和治疗方案提供重要的参考依据,保障母体与胎儿的安全性。

Objective:To investigate the correlation between placenta previa type and pregnancy outcome and perinatal outcome.Method:A total of 78 patients with placenta previa treated in Ji’an Children’s Hospital from April 2017 to October 2020 were selected as the placenta previa group,and 78 normal pregnant women in the same period were selected as the control group.The general data of the two groups were compared.The placenta previa group was divided into complete placenta previa group (n=28),partial placenta previa group (n=32) and marginal placenta previa group (n=18).The pregnancy outcome and perinatal outcome of the three groups were observed,and the correlation between different types of placenta previa and pregnancy outcome and perinatal outcome was analyzed.Result:The age of placenta previa group was higher than that of control group,and the proportions of elderly puerpera,delivery history,abortion history and cesarean section history were higher than those of control group (P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the incidences of placental adhesion,placental implantation,postpartum hemorrhage and hysterectomy among the three groups (P<0.05),with complete placenta previa group > partial placenta previa group > marginal placenta previa group.There were statistically significant differences in the incidences of low body weight,preterm birth and asphyxia among the three groups (P<0.05),with complete placenta previa group > partial placenta previa group > marginal placenta previa group.The three types of placenta previa were correlated with pregnancy outcome and perinatal outcome (P<0.05).Conclusion:The incidences of adverse perinatal outcomes such as low birth weight,preterm birth and asphyxia and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as placental adhesion,placental implantation,postpartum hemorrhage and hysterectomy are significantly different due to different types of placenta previa,which has a correlation.It provides an important reference basis for the subsequent formulation of prevention and treatment plans to ensure the safety of mother and fetus.