非特异性颈痛发生的危险因素分析

Risk Factors Related to Nonspecific Neck Pain

目的:分析年龄、性别、身体质量指数(BMI)、文化程度、吸烟史、颈部创伤史等一般因素、工作因素及新型潜在因素如手机使用时长、运动、工作中不良姿势等对非特异性颈痛发生的影响,探讨非特异性颈痛发生的危险因素与保护因素。方法:采用病例对照试验,将非特异性颈痛患者72例纳入病例组,同期就诊非颈痛患者106例纳入对照组,采用影响因素调查表采集受试者的一般因素、工作、运动、手机使用时长等信息,采用logistic多重回归分析进行统计分析。结果:多因素logistic回归分析显示,工作中不良姿势(>2h/d OR=3.266,95%CI 1.465~7.284,P=0.004)、长时间使用手机(>3h/d OR=2.459,95%CI 1.262~4.792,P=0.008)及规律运动(OR=0.391,95%CI0.196~0.780,P=0.008)与非特异性颈痛发生相关。结论:工作中不良姿势>2h/d、手机使用>3h/d是非特异性颈痛发生的独立危险因素,规律运动是非特异性颈痛发生的保护因素。

Objective:To analyze the effects of general factors such as age,gender,body mass index(BMI),education,smoking history,history of neck trauma,work factors and new underlying factors such as daily telephone use time,exercise,awkward/sustained posture during work on the incidence of nonspecific neck pain,and to identify the risk factors and protective factors of the incidence of nonspecific neck pain.Methods:In this case-control study,72 outpatients with nonspecific neck pain who met the inclusion criteria selected from the First Affiliated Hospital’s Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy Department of AMMU were included in the case group from October 2019 to October 2020.A total of 106 outpatients without neck pain in the same period were included in the control group.The influencing factors questionnaire was used to collect the information about general factors,work,exercise,telephone use time,etc.The statistical results were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis.Results:The results of regression analysis showed that sustained awkward posture during work(>2 h/day,OR=3.266,95%CI 1.465-7.284,P=0.004),time of watching telephone(>3 h/day,OR=2.459,95%CI 1.262-4.792,P=0.008)and regular exercise(OR=0.391,95%CI 0.196-0.780,P=0.008)were related to the incidence of nonspecific neck pain.Conclusion:Sustained awkward posture during work>2 h/day and time of watching telephone>3 h/day are independent risk factors of the incidence of nonspecific neck pain,while regular exercise is a protective factor.