采煤沉陷区土地高效利用模式探讨

Discussion on efficient land use model in coal mining subsidence area

采煤沉陷区土地受沉陷威胁及污染损毁,难以得到高效利用。为有效提高采煤沉陷区土地资源利用效率、控制矿区生态环境持续恶化发展,根据稳定性差异及禀赋条件,为采煤沉陷区选取适宜的治理修复模式。在采煤沉陷区生态环境及地质灾害问题分析研究的基础上,根据其稳定性差异,以交通地理位置为主导,以矿区内部及周边土地利用现状、植被覆盖情况为判断依据,以邻近景观遗址分布、人口密度等禀赋条件为参考,提出了采煤沉陷区选取土地高效利用模式的方法。提出的土地复垦以及适宜矿区植物类型的选取方法能够达成一定的经济效益,可实现矿区内废弃资源有效利用和使其治理后具有水保特性。

The land in coal mining subsidence area is threatened by subsidence and damaged by pollution, which is difficult to be used efficiently.In order to effectively improve the utilization efficiency of land resources in the coal mining subsidence area and control the continuous deterioration of the ecological environment in the mining area, an appropriate treatment and restoration mode is selected for the coal mining subsidence area according to the stability difference and endowment conditions.Based on the analysis and research of ecological environment and geological disasters in coal mining subsidence areas, according to their stability differences, dominated by traffic geographical location, based on the current land use and vegetation coverage in and around the mining area, and with reference to the endowment conditions such as the distribution of adjacent landscape sites and population density, the selection method of land efficient use mode in coal mining subsidence area is proposed.The proposed selection method of land reclamation and plant types suitable for the mining area can achieve certain economic benefits, realize the effective utilization of waste resources in the mining area and make them have the characteristics of water and soil conservation after treatment.