社会变革中的利益冲突——以清末民初南汇县的三次动乱为例

Conflict of interest in social reform-Taking three riots in Nanhui County in the late Qing and early Republic of China as examples

巨大的社会变革会涉及多方利益,清末民初时期的新政与革命即是此种变革的代表。在清末自治和民初鼎革的社会巨变之中,许多民变和风潮因利益损益而起。宣统三年,江苏南汇县爆发了三次反抗动乱,第一次反抗动乱被时人称作南汇风潮,第二次则是以土匪为主要力量的反民军活动,第三次则是以抗租为名的反民国政府运动。三次反抗运动的原因看似不同,实则都是在社会巨变下对于自己利益的维护或对旧秩序的怀念。新的国家机器也在不断镇压反抗运动中艰难诞生。

Great social changes involve the interests of various parties.The new policies and revolution in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China can be a typical case of such change.In the complicated social change of autonomy in the late Qing Dynasty and the great revolution in the early Republic of China,many civil commotions and unrests took place for pains and gains.In the 3 rd year of Xuantong Period,three revolts broke out in Nanhui County,Jiangsu Province.The first revolt was known as Nanhui Unrest.The second was the resistance of the Nationalist army with bandits as the main force,and the third was the campaign against the Nationalist Government in the name of tax protest.The reasons for the three resistance movements seem to be different,but they actually all aimed to maintain their own interests or to keep the old social order under the great social changes.And new state machinery was also born in hardship in the continuous suppression of the resistance movements.