晚清东南亚地区海上丝绸之路与华商群体

The Maritime Silk Road and Overseas Chinese Businessmen in Southeast Asia in the Late Qing Dynasty

历史上,海上丝绸之路在东南亚形成了"水陆并合型"、"水路型和"陆路型"的交通格局。晚清活跃于东南亚各国的来自闽粤等省的华商主要包括两部分:一部分航行于相关海路区间从事贸易活动;另一部分长期居住在相关国家进行商品交易。东南亚华商一般以地缘为基础进行结集,除了在各自居住国营商,还与祖(籍)国开展双边水陆民间贸易,并且进行东南亚地区内和跨东南亚的区域性多边贸易。近代东南亚华商的各种贸易活动造就了一个分布有序,相互交叠的商业网络,为东南亚和东亚地区的经济发展和社会进步做出了不可磨灭的贡献。

The historical Maritime Silk Road in Southeast Asia included several branch lines, forming the land-andsea, waterway, and landway transportation networks. During the late Qing Dynasty, two groups of Chinese businessmen who were active in Southeast Asian countries were mainly from China’s Fujian and Guangdong Provinces. One group sailed on the sea routes and engaged in trade activities, and the other lived in the relevant countries for a long time to conduct commodity transactions. Chinese businessmen in Southeast Asia generally gathered on a geographical basis.In addition to operating business in their residence countries, they also conducted bilaterally non-governmental trade with their home countries by land and water and did regionally multilateral business in and out of Southeast Asia. Their various trade activities in Southeast Asia in modern times have created an extraordinary business network and made indelible contributions to the economic development and social progress of Southeast and East Asia.