30份红皮花生资源的品质性状分析

Analysis on Quality Traits of 30 Red-Skinned Peanut Resources

以30份国内外红皮花生资源为材料,对其10个品质性状进行相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明:30份材料的蔗糖含量变异系数为25.74%,粗脂肪、花生酸和总糖变异系数分别为3.42%、4.40%和2.05%。相关性分析表明:粗脂肪与蔗糖呈极显著负相关,蛋白质与脂肪酸呈极显著负相关。主成分分析表明:10个品质性状简化成3个主成分,累计贡献率达到77.9%,第一主成分以花生烯酸和果糖为主,第二主成分以蔗糖和花生酸为主,第三主成分以山嵛酸为主。系统聚类分析表明:可将30份红皮花生资源分为5大类群,贵州红皮花生资源集中在第Ⅰ大类和第Ⅱ大类,贵州本地红皮花生资源蛋白质含量高,最高的810为28.43%,但蔗糖含量低;而引进红皮花生资源蔗糖含量普遍较高,最高的是冀花甜1号,蔗糖含量为8.35%;这些红皮高蔗糖花生资源可用于贵州地区高蛋白高糖红皮鲜食花生新品种选育。

The correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were conducted for ten quality traits of 30 domestic and foreign red-skinned peanut resources. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of sucrose content was 25.74%, and the coefficients of variation of crude fat, arachidonic acid and total sugar were 3.42%, 4.40% and 2.05%, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that crude fat was highly significantly and negatively correlated with sucrose, and protein was highly significantly and negatively correlated with fatty acid. Principal component analysis showed that the ten quality traits were simplified into three principal components with a cumulative contribution of 77.9%, of which the first component was dominated by arachic acid and fructose, the second component was dominated by sucrose and arachic acid, and the third component was dominated by behenic acid. The systematic cluster analysis showed that 30 red-skinned peanut resources could be divided into five major groups, and the red-skinned peanut resources from Guizhou were concentrated in the first and the second major groups, and the local red-skinned peanut resources from Guizhou had high protein content, of which the highest one 810 was at 28.43%, but had low sucrose content;while the introduced red-skinned peanut resources generally had high sucrose content, of which the highest one Jihuatian1 was at 8.35%;these red-skinned peanut resources with high sucrose can be used for the selection and breeding of new high-protein and high-sugar red-skinned fresh green peanut varieties in Guizhou.