基于正交试验的圆柱滚子轴承结构优化

Structure Optimization of Cylindrical Roller Bearing based on Orthogonal Test

针对航发主轴轴承在高速轻载下存在的打滑问题,在构建某航发圆柱滚子轴承仿真模型的基础上,研究了滚子数、滚子长度、初始径向游隙、保持架引导间隙等结构参数对轴承打滑和疲劳寿命的影响规律。结果表明,增加滚子数和保持架引导间隙,减小滚子长度和初始径向游隙,可以有效降低轴承打滑率。采用正交设计方法,得到滚子数、滚子长度、初始径向游隙、保持架引导间隙对轴承打滑、轴承疲劳寿命、内滚道磨损率的影响权重。通过综合平衡优化,得到当滚子数、滚子长度、初始径向游隙、保持架引导间隙分别为13 mm、6 mm、-2μm、1 mm时,保持架打滑率为0.29%,内滚道磨损率为5.9×10^(-13) m^(3)/s;在保证轴承寿命的同时,降低了轴承发生打滑蹭伤、磨损失效的概率。

In view of the skidding of aero-engine spindle bearings under high speed and light load and based on the construction of a simulation model of an aero-engine cylindrical roller bearing,the effects of structural parameters such as roller number,roller length,initial radial clearance and cage guide clearance on bearing skidding and fatigue life are studied.The results show that the rate of bearing skidding can be effectively reduced by increasing the number of rollers,cage guide clearance,and reducing roller length and initial radial clearance.By using the orthogonal design method,the influence weights of roller number,roller length,initial radial clearance and cage guide clearance on bearing skidding,bearing fatigue life and inner raceway wear rate are obtained.Through comprehensive balance and optimization,it is obtained that when the number of rollers,roller length,initial radial clearance and cage guide clearance are 13,6 mm,-2μm and 1 mm respectively,the cage skidding rate is 0.29%,and the inner raceway wear rate is 5.9×10^(-13)m^(3)/s,which reduce the probability of skidding and abrasion failure of the bearings while ensuring the bearing life.