松褐天牛的蛀道结构系统研究

Study on the Gallery System of Monochamus alternatus Hope

[目的]通过系统解析松褐天牛在黑松和赤松内的蛀道结构,了解其蛀食特征,为完善松褐天牛隐蔽生活过程中的生物生态学习性和科学利用天敌昆虫、病原微生物和注射药物防治松褐天牛提供依据。[方法]于松褐天牛越冬期,人工解剖了松褐天牛危害的黑松和赤松木段,获得其完整蛀道。分别测量了蛀道长度、蛀屑堵塞长度、侵入孔内径、蛹室内径、蛀屑含水率、侵入孔与羽化孔的相对方位等蛀食特征,并分析了松褐天牛幼虫大小与寄主树种和蛀食特征的关系。[结果]松褐天牛在黑松和赤松中的蛀道均为“U”形,类型单一,蛀道间互不串通,在侵入孔端部存在蛀屑堵塞,多数羽化孔在侵入孔上方;松褐天牛的蛀食特征与个体大小和寄主树种的相关性均较小。[结论]松褐天牛在木质部隐蔽蛀食的特性比较规律,受寄主树种种类影响较小,蛀道结构均呈“U”形,蛀道的部分被蛀屑-粪便混合物堵塞。

[Objective]To analyze the gallery structure and boring characteristics of Monochamus alternatus in Pinus densiflora and P.thunbergii in order to further understand the bio-ecological characters of M.alternatus in the hidden life process and benefit the application of natural enemy insects,pathogenic microorganisms,and injection drugs to control it.[Method]During the overwintering period,the gallery structure of M.alternatus in P.densiflora and P.thunbergii were systematically dissected.The gallery length,blocked frass length,internal diameter of entrance holes and pupal chambers,moisture content of frass,relative orientation between entrance holes and emergence holes were measured and the relationships between body size of larvae and host species and boring characteristics were analyzed.[Result]The galleries in both trees were U-shaped,single,not got through each other,blocked at the end of the entrance hole,and most of emergence holes were above the entrance holes.The boring characters of M.alternatus showed little correlation with individual body size and tree species.[Conclusion]The hidden and boring characteristics of M.alternatus in xylem are relatively regular,which is less affected by the host species.Its gallery is U-shaped,and part of that is blocked by the mixture of frass and fece.